项目回顾步骤（上）

Introduction简介

    Purpose目的

　　Significant insight can be gained by analyzing a software development project and identifying which processes, activities, and characteristics were suclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccessful and which were not. The primary goal of a project retrospective (also called a post-mortem, debriefing, or post-project review) is to learn lessons and make process improvements that can help planning and execution on future projects. This learning occurs by raising significant positive and negative issues, identifying root causes, and recommending improvements, typically through a retrospective meeting. This document describes a procedure for conducting a project retrospective.

　　通过分析软件开发项目并识别哪些过程，活动和特征的成功与否可以获得对项目深刻的认识。项目回顾(也称为事后析误、报告分析，或结项评审)的主要目的是吸取经验教训并改进过程，使之有助于未来项目的计划和执行。这个过程往往通过提出重要的正面和负面问题、找出问题根源，提出改进建议，特别是举行回顾会的方式进行。本文将阐述执行项目回顾的过程。

　　Each project should hold a retrospective at the end of its lifecycle. For projects of more than six months duration, mid-project reviews can also be useful. Retrospectives can be held at major milestones or at the end of release cycles.

　　每个项目都应在结束时进行回顾。对周期超过六个月的项目，中期回顾也很有帮助。回顾会可以在项目的重要里程碑处或发布结束时进行。

　　Work Aids辅助工件

　　Retrospective Planning WorksheetRetrospective Summary Report Template回顾计划工作单回顾总结报告模版

　　References参考文献

　　1. Kerth, Norman L. Project Retrospectives: A Handbook for Team Reviews. New York: Dorset House Publishing, 2001.

　　2. Wiegers, Karl, and Johanna Rothman. “Looking Back, Looking Ahead,” Software Development, vol. 9, no. 2 (February 2001), pp. 65-69.

　　Roles角色

　　Role角色

　　Description描述

　　Coordinator协调员The individual designated by the Sponsor to lead the planning and execution of the retrospective.主持人指派的负责计划和执行项目回顾的个人。

　　Facilitator推动者A person from outside the project team who leads the retrospective meeting to ensure that it proceeds as planned and to keep discussions on track. Generates and distributes outputs from retrospective meeting.项目团队外的个人，负责组织回顾会议并确保会议按计划进行，引导讨论按正确次序展开。组织并分发回顾会的输出结果。

　　Participants参与者Perform any necessary preparation. Gather project metrics data and artifacts. Actively participate in the retrospective meeting.执行任何必要的准备，收集项目度量数据和工件，积极参与项目回顾会。

　　Project Manager

　　项目经理

　　The individual who managed the project that is being reviewed during the retrospective.回顾会中被评审项目的管理者

　　Scribe记录员

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