了解raw trace文件的各项内容

发表于:2007-07-02来源:作者:点击数: 标签:
今天浏览metalink,看到这篇Interpreting Raw SQL_TRACE,比较老的一篇文章了,但是确实很有用,所以决定大略翻译一下吧。 我们知道有几种方法可以得到一个SQL语句执行时后台的trace文件,一个是用SQL_TRACE,一个是用DBMS_SUPPORT包或者DBMS_SYSTEM包,还有

今天浏览metalink,看到这篇Interpreting Raw SQL_TRACE,比较老的一篇文章了,但是确实很有用,所以决定大略翻译一下吧。

我们知道有几种方法可以得到一个SQL语句执行时后台的trace文件,一个是用SQL_TRACE,一个是用DBMS_SUPPORT包或者DBMS_SYSTEM包,还有一种就是直接使用10046 event。

使用10046 event的方法大致如下:

alter session set events @#10046 trace name context forever, level 12@#;<BR>

your sql statement...

alter session set events @#10046 trace name context off@#;

其中的level有1,4,8,12几个选项,其中1相当于设置SQL_TRACE=TRUE之后的结果,4包括1的结果和绑定变量的实际值,8包括1的结果和等待事件的情况,12则同时包含1的结果,绑定变量的实际值和等待事件情况,所以可以说level 12是最为详细的trace了。

同时我们也知道,对于trace结果,oracle提供了tkprof实用程序用来格式化trace文件,提供一份更容易读懂的trace结果。

那么为什么还要直接读取trace文件呢?最重要的是tkprof的结果是不包含绑定变量值的,同时也不包括真正的SQL执行顺序,而trace文件中我们则可以看到按照时间排列的parse,binds,executes,fetch等等,这在某西场合下是很有用处的。还有就是,如果你能够直接读取这些让人看得眼晕的trace,是不是会有一种很爽,很大师的感觉:-)

当然如果我们要根据一些标准(比如CPU时长,磁盘读取量等)进行trace中的SQL排序,那么tkprof是我们唯一的选择,可以参看coolyl的Tkprof工具介绍和分析。

 

下面是metalink中的这篇文章的大体翻译,大部分名词用英文反而更好,就不强加翻译了,相信大家都看得懂。当然也是比较懒的原因:-)

 

文本总结了trace结果原始输出文件中的内容。

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

APPNAME mod=@#%s@# mh=%lu act=@#%s@# ah=%lu

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

APPNAME:Application name setting。在Oracle 7.2和以上版本中出现。这个名称可以由DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO包来设定。

mod:Module name

mh:Module hash value

act:Action

ah:Action hash value

 

比如:APPNAME mod=@#SQL*Plus@# mh=3669949024 act=@#@# ah=4029777240

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

PARSING IN CURSOR #<CURSOR> len=X dep=X uid=X oct=X lid=X tim=X hv=X ad=@#X@#

<statement>

END OF STMT

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

<CURSOR>:Cursor number

len :Length of SQL statement,SQL语句的长度

dep :Recursive depth of the cursor,当前SQL语句的递规深度,如果为0则表示是用户提交的SQL,为1则是由于用户SQL而导致Oracle后台自己执行的SQL,为2则是由1级SQL继续诱发的下一级SQL。

uid :Schema user id of parsing user

oct :Oracle command type.

lid :Privilege user id.

tim :Timestamp。在Oracle9i之前单位是1/100秒,9i则是1/1,000,000秒。利用这个值可以计算一个SQL执行了到底多长时间。这个值就是当前行被写入trace文件时数据库V$TIMER视图的值。

hv :Hash id.

ad :SQLTEXT address,SQLTEXT的地址,跟V$SQLAREA和V$SQLTEXT视图中的ADDRESS字段值相等。

<statement> :The actual SQL statement being parsed.

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

PARSE ERROR #%d:len=%ld dep=%d uid=%ld oct=%d lid=%ld tim=%lu err=%d

<statement> ...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

PARSE ERROR :在Oracle 7.2以上版本中解析的错误会写入trace文件中。

len :Length of SQL statement.

dep :Recursive depth of the statement

uid :User id.

oct :Oracle command type (if known).

lid :Privilege user id.

tim :Timestamp.

err :Oracle error code (e.g. ORA-XXXXX) reported

<statement> :The SQL statement that errored.

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

PARSE #<CURSOR>:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=0

EXEC #<CURSOR>:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=0

FETCH #<CURSOR>:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=0

UNMAP #<CURSOR>:c=0,e=0,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=4,tim=0

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

PARSE :Parse a statement. 解析一个SQL

EXEC :Execute a pre-parsed statement. 执行已经解析完毕的SQL

FETCH :Fetch rows from a cursor. 从游标中得到数据,通常指select返回记录

UNMAP :如果游标使用了临时表(temporary table), 当游标关闭的时候将会看到UNMAP

c :CPU time (100th@#s of a second in Oracle7 ,8 and 9).

e :Elapsed time (100th@#s of a second Oracle7, 8. Microseconds in Oracle 9 onwards).

p :Number of physical reads.

cr :Number of buffers retrieved for CR reads.

cu :Number of buffers retrieved in current mode.

mis :Cursor missed in the cache.

r :Number of rows processed.

dep :Recursive call depth (0 = user SQL, >0 = recursive).

og :Optimizer goal: 1=All_Rows, 2=First_Rows, 3=Rule, 4=Choose

tim :Timestamp (large number in 100ths of a second).

 

比如:FETCH #2:c=0,e=106,p=0,cr=3,cu=0,mis=0,r=1,dep=1,og=4,tim=6005498548671

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

ERROR #%d:err=%d tim=%lu

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

执行或者fetch之后出现的SQL Error

err :Oracle error code (e.g. ORA-XXXXX) at the top of the stack.

tim :Timestamp.

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

STAT #<CURSOR> id=N cnt=0 [pid=0 pos=0 obj=0 op=@#SORT AGGREGATE @#]

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

<CURSOR>的执行计划.

<CURSOR> :Cursor which the statistics apply to.

id :Line of the explain plan which the row count applies to (从1开始).

cnt :Number of rows for this row source.

pid :Parent id of this row source.

pos :Position in explain plan.

obj :Object id of row source (if this is a base object).

op : The row source aclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccess operation.

 

比如:

STAT #2 id=2 cnt=0 pid=1 pos=1 obj=510 op=@#TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID OBJECT_USAGE (cr=2 r=0 w=0 time=83 us)@#

STAT #2 id=3 cnt=1 pid=2 pos=1 obj=511 op=@#INDEX RANGE SCAN I_STATS_OBJ# (cr=1 r=0 w=0 time=43 us)@#

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

XCTEND rlbk=%d rd_only=%d

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

XCTEND是事务结束的标志.

rlbk :1 if a rollback was performed, 0 if no rollback (commit).

rd_only :1 if transaction was read only, 0 if changes occurred.

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

BINDS #%d:

bind 0: dty=2 mxl=22(22) mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=03 oacfl2=0 size=24 offset=0

bfp=02fedb44 bln=22 avl=00 flg=05

value=10

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

BIND :Variables bound to a cursor.

bind N :The bind position being bound.

dty :Data type.

mxl :Maximum length of the bind variable (private max len in paren).

mal :Array length.

scl :Scale.

pre :Precision.

oacflg :Special flag indicating bind options

oacflg2 :Continuation of oacflg

size :Amount of memory to be allocated for this chunk

offset :Offset into this chunk for this bind buffer

bfp :Bind address.

bln :Bind buffer length.

avl :Actual value length (array length too).

flg :Special flag indicating bind status

value :The actual value of the bind variable.

 

比如:

BINDS #4:

 bind 0: dty=2 mxl=22(22) mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=08 oacfl2=1 size=24 offset=0

   bfp=ffffffff7ce64ee0 bln=22 avl=01 flg=05

   value=0

 bind 1: dty=1 mxl=32(11) mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=18 oacfl2=1 size=32 offset=0

   bfp=ffffffff7ce6b128 bln=32 avl=11 flg=05

   value="TABCOMPART$"

 bind 2: dty=2 mxl=22(22) mal=00 scl=00 pre=00 oacflg=08 oacfl2=1 size=24 offset=0

   bfp=ffffffff7ce6bae8 bln=24 avl=02 flg=05

   value=1

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

WAIT #<CURSOR>: nam="<event name>" ela=0 p1=0 p2=0 p3=0

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

WAIT :An event that we waited for.

nam :What was being waited for.

ela :Elapsed time for the operation.

p1 :P1 for the given wait event.

p2 :P2 for the given wait event.

p3 :P3 for the given wait event.

 

比如 (Full Table Scan):

WAIT #1: nam="db file scattered read" ela= 5 p1=4 p2=1435 p3=25

在游标1上经历了"db file scattered read"等待事件,一共等了0.05秒,在读取File 4,从1435 block开始,读了25个block

 

比如 (Index Scan):

WAIT #1: nam="db file sequential read" ela= 4 p1=4 p2=1224 p3=1

在游标1上经历了"db file sequential read"等待事件,一共等了0.04秒,在读取file 4,block 1224,读取了这一个block

 

对于每一个等待事件的含义和p1,p2,p3表示的意思,可以参考Oracle Database Reference文档的Oracle Wait Events章节。

 

原文转自:http://www.ltesting.net