手工创建oracle数据库

发表于:2007-05-26来源:作者:点击数: 标签:
系统环境: 1 、操作系统: Windows 2000 Server 2 、 数据库 : Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企业版/ Oracle 9i for NT 企业版 3 、安装路径: D:\ORACLE 步骤: 1 、手工创建相关目录 2 、手工创建初始化参数文件 3 、通过 oradim创建一个ORACLE服务 4 、
系统环境:
1
、操作系统:Windows 2000 Server
2
数据库: Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企业版/
Oracle 9i for NT 企业版
3
、安装路径:D:\ORACLE

步骤:
1、手工创建相关目录
2、手工创建初始化参数文件
3、通过oradim创建一个ORACLE服务
4、创建数据库
5、创建数据库数据文件,执行脚本
6、创建数据字典,运行

手工创建数据库完整步骤

系统环境
操作系统:Windows 2000 Server
数据库:Oracle 9i
安装路径:C:\Oracle
1
、手工创建相关目录
C
\Oracle\admin\web
C
\Oracle\admin\web\bdump
C
\Oracle\admin\web\udump
C
\Oracle\admin\web\cdump
C
\Oracle\admin\web\pfile
C
\Oracle\admin\web\create
C
\Oracle\oradata\web
C
\Oracle\oradata\web\archive
2
、手工创建初始化参数文件c:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora,内容可以copy别的实例init.ora文件后修改。
3
、手工创建initweb.ora文件,内容::ifile= c:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora
4
、使用orapwd.exe命令,创建口令文件pwdweb.ora,命令格式如下:
   orapwd.exe  file=c:\oracle\ora90\database\pwdweb.ora  password=ltjsb  entries=5
5
、通过oradim.exe命令,在服务里生成一个新的实例管理服务,启动方式为手工
set ORACLE_SID=web
C:\oracle\ora90\bin\oradim -new  -sid WEB -startmode m
-pfile C:\oracle\ora90\database\initweb.ora
6
、创建数据库,执行createdb.sql脚本命令,
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL>connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@Createdb.sql
Createdb.sql
脚本内容如下:
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDB.log
startup nomount pfile="C:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora";
CREATE DATABASE web
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo03.log') SIZE 100M;
spool off
exit;
注:创建数据库时,执行sql.bsqj脚本命令,此脚本命令创建如下内容:
   
创建控制文件和联机日志文件
   
创建数据库系统表空system
   
system表空间上创建system系统回滚段
   
创建syssystem账号
   
创建基表和簇
   
创建数据字典表、索引和序列
   
创建相关角色权限
7
、创建数据库数据文件,执行脚本createfiles.sql
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createfiles.sql
Createfiles.sql
脚本内容如下:
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDBFiles.log
CREATE TABLESPACE "INDX" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\indx01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP" TEMPFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\temp01.dbf' SIZE 40M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";
CREATE TABLESPACE "TOOLS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\tools01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  320K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\users01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K;
spool off
exit;
8
、创建数据字典,运行createdbcatalog.sql脚本命令
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createdbcatalog.sql
Createdbcatalog.sql
脚本内容如下:

set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDBCatalog.log
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catalog.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catexp7.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catblock.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catproc.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catoctk.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catobtk.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\caths.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\owminst.plb;
connect SYSTEM/manager
@C:\oracle\ora90\sqlplus\admin\pupbld.sql;
connect SYSTEM/manager
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\ora90\assistants\dbca\logs\sqlPlusHelp.log
@C:\oracle\ora90\sqlplus\admin\help\hlpbld.sql helpus.sql;
spool off
spool off
exit;
9
、完善数据库,创建spfile文件,将数据库实例启动服务设置成自动启动方式。
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL> @postdbcreation.sql
Postdbcreation.sql
脚本内容如下:
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\web\create\postDBCreation.log
create spfile='C:\oracle\ora90\database\spfileweb.ora' FROM pfile='C:\oracle\admin\web\init.ora';
connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\ora90\assistants\dbca\logs\postDBCreation.log
shutdown ;
startup ;
注:以上都设置PATH环境变量,将bin目录加入到PATH中以便于使用工具GMGRLl,sqlplus等。

==========================================================================================

系统环境:
1
、操作系统:Windows 2000 Server,机器内存128M
2
、数据库: Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企业版
3
、安装路径:D:\ORACLE

建库步骤:
1
、手工创建相关目录
D:\Oracle\admin\test
D:\Oracle\admin\test\adhoc
D:\Oracle\admin\test\bdump
D:\Oracle\admin\test\cdump
D:\Oracle\admin\test\create
D:\Oracle\admin\test\exp
D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile
D:\Oracle\admin\test\udump

D:\Oracle\oradata\test
D:\Oracle\oradata\test\archive

2
、手工创建初始化启动参数文件:D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora,内容:

3
、手工创建D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\inittest.ora文件,

   
内容:IFILE='D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora'

4
、使用orapwd.exe命令,创建D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\PWDtest.ora

   
命令:D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\orapwd file=D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\PWDtest.ora password=ORACLE entries=5


5
、通过oradim.exe命令,在服务里生成一个新的实例管理服务,启动方式为手工
   set ORACLE_SID=test
   D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\oradim -new -sid test -startmode manual -pfile "D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora"

6
、生成各种数据库对象
D:\>svrmgrl

--
创建数据库
connect INTERNAL/oracle
startup nomount pfile="D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora"
CREATE DATABASE test
LOGFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo01.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo02.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo03.log' SIZE 2048K
MAXLOGFILES 32
MAXLOGMEMBERS 2
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\system01.dbf' SIZE 58M  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
MAXDATAFILES 254
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

控制文件、日志文件在上面语句执行时生成


connect INTERNAL/oracle
--
修改系统表空间
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 50);
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM MINIMUM EXTENT 64K;

--
创建回滚表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE RBS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\rbs01.dbf' SIZE 256M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 512K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 512K NEXT 512K MINEXTENTS 8 MAXEXTENTS 4096);

--
创建用户表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\users01.dbf' SIZE 128M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--
创建临时表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE TEMP DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\temp01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 64K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 0) TEMPORARY;

--
创建工具表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE TOOLS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\tools01.dbf' SIZE 64M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 320K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 32K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 32K NEXT 32K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--
创建索引表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE INDX DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\indx01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--
创建回滚段
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS0 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS1 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS2 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS3 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS4 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS5 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS6 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS7 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS8 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS9 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS10 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS11 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS12 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS13 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS14 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS15 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS16 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS17 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS18 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS19 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS20 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS21 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS22 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS23 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS24 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );

--
使回滚段在线
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS0" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS1" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS2" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS3" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS4" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS5" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS6" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS7" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS8" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS9" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS10" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS11" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS12" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS13" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS14" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS15" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS16" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS17" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS18" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS19" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS20" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS21" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS22" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS23" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS24" ONLINE;

--
修改sys用户的临时表空间为TEMP
alter user sys temporary tablespace TEMP;

--
创建数据字典表
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catalog.sql;
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catexp7.sql
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catproc.sql
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\caths.sql

connect system/manager
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\sqlplus\admin\pupbld.sql

connect internal/oracle
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catrep.sql
exit

--
生成SQL*Plus帮助系统
sqlplus SYSTEM/manager
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\sqlplus\admin\help\helpbld.sql helpus.sql
exit

--
修改system用户默认表空间和临时表空间
svrmgrl
connect internal/oracle
alter user system default tablespace TOOLS;
alter user system temporary tablespace TEMP;
exit

7
、将test实例启动服务设置成自动启动方式

D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\oradim -edit -sid test -s
tartmode auto

原文转自:http://www.ltesting.net