在oracle中运行OS命令

发表于:2007-05-25来源:作者:点击数: 标签:oracle往往命令出现运行
在Oracle 8i中,往往会出现要在存储过程中运行操作系统命令的情况.一般来说,利用Oracle Enterprise Manager设定作业时可以达到这个目的.但是由于OEM在设定作业缺乏灵活性,设定的作业的参数是固定的.在实际应用当中往往需要在SQL语句当中运行需要随时运行操作

  
   在Oracle 8i中,往往会出现要在存储过程中运行操作系统命令的情况.一般来说,利用Oracle Enterprise Manager设定作业时可以达到这个目的.但是由于OEM在设定作业缺乏灵活性,设定的作业的参数是固定的.在实际应用当中往往需要在SQL语句当中运行需要随时运行操作系统命令.Oracle 8i没有直接运行OS命令的语句,我们可以利用DBMS_PIPE程序包实现这一要求.
  DBMS_PIPE通过创建管道,可以让至少两个进程进行通信.Oracle的管道与操作系统的管道在概念上有相同的地方,但是在实现机制不同.
  下面介绍实现具体步骤:
  1 创建一个程序包,姑且起名叫DAEMON,SQL语句如下:
  /*创建daemon程序包*/
  CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY daemon AS
  /*execute_system是实现运行os命令的函数*/
  FUNCTION execute_system(command VARCHAR2,
  timeout NUMBER DEFAULT 10)
  RETURN NUMBER IS
  status NUMBER;
  result VARCHAR2(20);
  command_code NUMBER;
  pipe_name VARCHAR2(30);
  BEGIN
  pipe_name := DBMS_PIPE.UNIQUE_SESSION_NAME;
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE('SYSTEM');
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(pipe_name);
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(command);
  /*向daemon管道发送表示命令的字符*/
  status := DBMS_PIPE.SEND_MESSAGE('daemon', timeout);
  IF status <> 0 THEN
  RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20010,
  'Execute_system: Error while sending. Status = ' || status);
  END IF;
  status := DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE(pipe_name, timeout);
  IF status <> 0 THEN
  RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20011,
  'Execute_system: Error while receiving.
  Status = ' || status);
  END IF;
  /*获取返回结果*/
  DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(result);
  IF result <> 'done' THEN
  RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20012,
  'Execute_system: Done not received.');
  END IF;
  DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(command_code);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('System command executed. result = ' ||
  command_code);
  RETURN command_code;
  END execute_system;
  /*stop是让daemon停止*/
  PROCEDURE stop(timeout NUMBER DEFAULT 10) IS
  status NUMBER;
  BEGIN
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE('STOP');
  status := DBMS_PIPE.SEND_MESSAGE('daemon', timeout);
  IF status <> 0 THEN
  RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20030,
  'stop: error while sending. status = ' || status);
  END IF;
  END stop;
  END daemon;
  通过Sql*Plus运行以上语句,将为当前用户创建daemon程序包.
  2 创建在OS上运行的守护进程,监听由上面的daemon程序包发来的要求执行os命令的语句.以下Pro*C的代码,必须由pro*c先进行预编译.
  #include
  #include
  EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA;
  EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
  char *uid = "scott/tiger";/*在这个地方改为你自己访问的用户,密码,服务名*/
  int status;
  VARCHAR command[20];
  VARCHAR value[2000];
  VARCHAR return_name[30];
  EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
  void
  connect_error()
  {
  char msg_buffer[512];
  int msg_length;
  int buffer_size = 512;
  EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
  sqlglm(msg_buffer, &buffer_size, &msg_length);
  printf("Daemon error while connecting:\n");
  printf("%.*s\n", msg_length, msg_buffer);
  printf("Daemon quitting.\n");
  exit(1);
  void
  sql_error()
  {
  char msg_buffer[512];
  int msg_length;
  int buffer_size = 512;
  EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
  sqlglm(msg_buffer, &buffer_size, &msg_length);
  printf("Daemon error while executing:\n");
  printf("%.*s\n", msg_length, msg_buffer);
  printf("Daemon continuing.\n");
  }
  main()
  {
  EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO connect_error();
  EXEC SQL CONNECT :uid;
  printf("Daemon connected.\n");
  
  EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error();
  printf("Daemon waiting...\n");
  while (1) {
  EXEC SQL EXECUTE
  BEGIN
  /*接收deamon发来的字符*/
  :status := DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('daemon');
  IF :status = 0 THEN
  /*取出字符*/
  DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(:command);
  END IF;
  END;
  END-EXEC;
  IF (status == 0)
  {
  command.arr[command.len] = '\0';
  /*如果是stop,该进程就退出*/
  IF (!strcmp((char *) command.arr, "STOP"))
  {
  printf("Daemon exiting.\n");
  break;
  }
  
  ELSE IF (!strcmp((char *) command.arr, "SYSTEM"))
  {
  EXEC SQL EXECUTE
  BEGIN
  DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(:return_name);
  DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(:value);
  END;
  END-EXEC;
  value.arr[value.len] = '\0';
  printf("Will execute system command '%s'\n", value.arr);
  /*运行os命令*/
  status = system(value.arr);
  EXEC SQL EXECUTE
  BEGIN
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE('done');
  DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(:status);
  :status := DBMS_PIPE.SEND_MESSAGE(:return_name);
  END;
  END-EXEC;
  
  IF (status)
  {
  printf
  ("Daemon error while responding to system command.");
  printf(" status: %d\n", status);
  }
  }
  ELSE
  {
  printf
  ("Daemon error: invalid command '%s' received.\n",
  command.arr);
  }
  }
  ELSE
  {
  printf("Daemon error while waiting for signal.");
  printf(" status = %d\n", status);
  }
  }
  EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
  exit(0);
  }
  

原文转自:http://www.ltesting.net