【导读】
MySQL数据库提供针对字符串存储的一种特殊数据类型:集合类型SET,这种数据类型可以给予我们更多提高性能、降低存储容量和降低程序代码理解的技巧,前面介绍了首先介绍了四种数据类型的特性总结,其后又分别介绍了布尔类型BOOL或称布尔类型BOOLEAN、枚举类型ENUM,本文我们详细介绍集合类型set测试过程与总结,加深对mysql数据库集合类型set的理解记忆。
n 集合类型 SET
a).数据库表mysqlops_set结构
执行创建数据库表mysqlops_set的语句:
root@localhost : test 05:06:13> CREATE TABLE Mysqlops_SET(ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> Work_Option SET('','DBA','SA','Coding Engineer','JavaScript','NA','QA','other') NOT NULL,
-> Work_City SET('shanghai','beijing','hangzhou','shenzhen','guangzhou','other') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'shanghai',
-> PRIMARY KEY(ID)
-> )ENGINE=InnoDB CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查阅数据库中创建的mysqlops_set表的结构定义信息:
root@localhost : test 04:33:38> SHOW CREATE TABLE Mysqlops_set\\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: Mysqlops_set
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `Mysqlops_set` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Work_Option` set('','DBA','SA','Coding Engineer','JavaScript','NA','QA','other') NOT NULL,
`Work_City` set('shanghai','beijing','hangzhou','shenzhen','guangzhou','other') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'shanghai',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
小结:
对于集合类型字段定义,MySQL没有做任何强制性转换或修改。
b). 写入不同类型的测试数据
root@localhost : test 05:06:19> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(1,'QA','shanghai');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 05:06:26> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(2,'NA','');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 05:06:33> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(3,'Other',NULL);
ERROR 1048 (23000): Column 'Work_City' cannot be null
root@localhost : test 05:06:47> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(3,'','hangzhou');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 05:06:55> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_City) VALUES(4,'ningbo');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 05:07:09> SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1364 | Field 'Work_Option' doesn't have a default value |
| Warning | 1265 | Data truncated for column 'Work_City' at row 1 |
+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 05:07:19> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option) VALUES(5,'DBA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:06:01> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(6,'DBA','shanghai');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:06:10> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(7,'DBA,SA','shanghai,beijing');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:06:18> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(8,'DBA,SA,NA','shanghai,beijing,hangzhou');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:06:12> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(9,'DBA,SA,NA','shanghai,beijing,hangzhou,shenzhen,guangzhou,other');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:18:25> INSERT INTO Mysqlops_SET(ID,Work_Option,Work_City) VALUES(20,'DBA,SA,NA','shanghai,beijing,hangzhou!shenzhen!guangzhou!other');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : test 03:18:27> show warnings;
+---------+------+------------------------------------------------+
原文转自:http://blogread.cn/it/article/5114