shell简介入门之bash编程之流程控制(2)
发表于：2007-07-04来源：作者：点击数：
标签：
F:: while 语法如下： while(condition) do commands done 例如： #!/bin/bash number=0 while(test number -lt 10) do echo "number\c" number=`expr number+1` done echo ----------------------------------------- 结果如下： 0123456789 G:: until 语法
F::
while
语法如下：
while(condition)
do
commands
done
例如：
#!/bin/bash
number=0
while(test $number -lt 10)
do
echo "$number\c"
number=`expr $number+1`
done
echo
-----------------------------------------
结果如下：
0123456789
G::
until
语法如下：
until(condition)
do
commands
done
它和while的不同只在于while是在条件为真时执行循环，而until是在条件为假时执行循环。
H：：
break及continue
这两者是用于for,while,until等循环控制下的。break会跳到done后才执行，而continue会跳至
done后才执行，而continue会跳至done执行，继续执行循环。
I：：
case
语法如下：
case str in
pat1) commands1;;
pat2) commands2;;
pat3) commands3;;
esac
而pat除了可以指定一些确定的字符串，也可以指定字符串的集合，如下：
＊ 任意字符串
？ 任意字符
[abc] a,b,c三字符其中之一
[a-n] 从a到n的任一字符
│ 多重选择
例如：
test8.sh
-----------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash
echo `enter A,B,C:"
read letter
case $letter in
A│a) echo `you entered A.`;;
B│b) echo `you entered B.;;
C│c) echo `you entered C,;;
*) echo `not a,b,c`;;
esac
----------------------------------------------------------------------
J::
函数
格式如下：
function-name()
{
commands
}
<![CDATA[ <br> 而要调用此函数，就像在命令行下直接用命令一般。 <br> <xmp> <br> test1() <br> { <br> echo`this is fuction 1` <br> } <br> test2() <br> { <br> echo`this is fuction2` <br> } <br> test2 <br> test1 <br> ------------------------------------------------------ <br> 运行结果： <br> this is fuction2 <br> this is fuction1 <br> 下面是一些常用的shell例子： <br> 例1 给一批文件改名。 <br> \ls *.c* sed `s/\(.*\).C\(.*\)/mv & \1/` │sh <br> 或者 <br> for f in *.foo; <br> fo <br> base=`basename $f. foo` <br> mv $f $base.bar <br> done <br> 例2 将大写文件名发亮写为小心改为小安下心来文件名。 <br> for f in *;do <br> mv $f `echo $f│tr `[a-z] ` ][a-z] <br> done <br> <br>
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