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isc dhcpd 3.0 快速安装实例[笔记更新]
发表于：2007-06-09来源：作者：点击数：
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[code:1:0824bcdf3c]#############isc-dhcpd3.0########## iscdhcpd3.0快速安装实例 阿土AborigenYin 2003.06.19 目的： 为内网提供dhcp服务,每个网卡一个网段； 平台： FreeBSD5.1+ports #程序安装 cd/data/usr/ports/net/isc-dhcp3 makecleaninstallclean
[code:1:0824bcdf3c]############# isc-dhcpd 3.0 ##########
isc dhcpd 3.0 快速安装实例
阿土 Aborigen Yin
2003.06.19
目的：
为内网提供dhcp服务,每个网卡一个网段；
平台：
FreeBSD 5.1 + ports
#程序安装
cd /data/usr/ports/net/isc-dhcp3
make clean install clean
###配置
#/usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf.sample 是个很好的参考文件；
###########
#注意：一下配置的多个网段，分别对应服务器上多个网卡的地址段，而不是单一网卡上的多个地址（address alias 地址别名）；
#如果你有某网卡设置多个地址，而配置文件中分别给这些网段设置了subnet（这是很多人所谓的”多网段dhcp地址分配“），那么启动
#dhcpd时，会收到如下错误,一般是发送到/var/log/messages：
#Jun 19 14:49:14 mail dhcpd: Interface fxp1 matches multiple shared networks
#
##############
#vi /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf
#begin of dhcpd.conf
# dhcpd.conf
server-identifier mail.oss4e.org;
option domain-name "oss4e.org";
option domain-name-servers 202.96.134.133;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
#重要，没有这一行不能启动dhcpd。
ddns-update-style none;
# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
authoritative;
# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;
# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be
# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
# will still come from the host declaration.
# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses
# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
# set.
#host fantasia {
# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
#}
#group优先于subnet。
group {
# PXE-specific configuration directives...
#next-server 172.16.100.249;
#filename "/pxelinux.0";
# You need an entry like this for every host
# unless you're using dynamic addresses
host temp {
hardware ethernet 00:08:c7:08:68:2b;
#172.16.100.189 - 172.16.100.199
fixed-address 172.16.100.189;
option host-name "temp.oss4e.org";
next-server 172.16.230.254;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
}
}
#可以为不同的网段分配ip；
#subnet 172.16.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# server-identifier 172.16.100.245;
# range dynamic-bootp 172.16.100.139 172.16.100.187;
# option domain-name-servers 172.16.100.254;
# option domain-name "oss4e.org";
# option routers 172.16.100.254;
# option broadcast-address 172.16.100.255;
# default-lease-time 6000;
# max-lease-time 72000;
# allow booting;
# allow bootp;
# next-server 172.16.100.245;
# filename "/pxelinux.0";
#}
subnet 172.16.250.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
server-identifier 172.16.250.254;
range dynamic-bootp 172.16.250.139 172.16.250.187;
option domain-name-servers 172.16.250.254;
option domain-name "oss4e.org";
option routers 172.16.250.254;
option broadcast-address 172.16.250.255;
default-lease-time 6000;
max-lease-time 72000;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
next-server 172.16.250.254;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
}
###
subnet 172.16.230.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
server-identifier 172.16.230.254;
range dynamic-bootp 172.16.230.139 172.16.230.187;
option domain-name-servers 172.16.230.254;
option domain-name "oss4e.org";
option routers 172.16.230.254;
option broadcast-address 172.16.230.255;
default-lease-time 6000;
max-lease-time 72000;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
next-server 172.16.230.254;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
}
#subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# server-identifier 192.168.0.254;
# range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.139 192.168.0.187;
# option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.254;
# option domain-name "websofts.com";
# option routers 192.168.0.254;
# option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;
# default-lease-time 6000;
# max-lease-time 72000;
# #allow booting;
# #allow bootp;
# #next-server 192.168.0.254;
# #filename "/pxelinux.0";
#}
#end of dhcpd.conf
cp -p /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh.sample /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh
###end[/code:1:0824bcdf3c]
由于论坛吃空格的问题，如需参考本配置文件，请按照dhcpd.conf的格式自行缩进排版。
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-19 20:53:50 |
| ...
> #重要，没有这一行不能启动dhcpd。 > ddns-update-style none; :?: 肯定吗？这一句好象只是不启用自动更新... 我的 conf 没有这一句，但是运行良好。 # dhcpd.conf # # # Global settings # default-lease-time 86400; max-lease-time 86400; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option broadcast-address 10.0.0.255; option routers 10.0.0.2; option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.2, 212.185.249.116; option domain-name "moon.home"; subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 10.0.0.230 10.0.0.250; } subnet 10.0.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # max-lease-time 28800; range 10.0.1.230 10.0.1.250; # deny unknown clients; } subnet ... subnet ... host magic { hardware ethernet XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX; fixed-address 10.0.0.101; } host iris { hardware ethernet XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX; fixed-address 10.0.0.102; } host ... # --- End of file: dhcpd.conf |
| jamwolf 回复于：2003-06-19 21:03:08 |
| 我的配置和红袖一样，但是就是不能启动，唉！ |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-19 21:34:22 |
| [quote:b762f78eaa="jamwolf"]我的配置和红袖一样，但是就是不能启动，唉！[/quote:b762f78eaa]
dhcp -d 帖出详细错误信息 |
| jamwolf 回复于：2003-06-19 22:26:12 |
| 刚刚做了一个试验，dhcpd.conf内容没变，加上了一句ddns-update-style none;就能启动了，自动向客户端分配IP也正常了。
P.S. ISC-DHCPD分配IP的顺序还挺逗，range 192.168.141.100 192.168.141.200；结果先分出去的是200,然后依次是199、198、197... |
| aborigen 回复于：2003-06-19 22:32:10 |
| [quote:f3b8490096="红袖添香"]...
> #重要，没有这一行不能启动dhcpd。 > ddns-update-style none; :?: 肯定吗？这一句好象只是不启用自动更新... 我的 conf 没有这一句，但是运行良好。 # dhcpd.conf # # # Global..........[/quote:f3b8490096] isc-dhcpd 2.x 没问题，isc-dhcpd 3.x 不行的。 ## with ddns- ###It is ok.## [code:1:f3b8490096]Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Internet Software Consortium DHCP Server V3.0.1rc11 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Copyright 1995-2003 Internet Software Consortium. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: All rights reserved. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/products/DHCP Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Internet Software Consortium DHCP Server V3.0.1rc11 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Copyright 1995-2003 Internet Software Consortium. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: All rights reserved. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/products/DHCP Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Wrote 1 leases to leases file. Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Listening on BPF/fxp2/00:30:48:22:8d:27/172.16.230.0/24 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Sending on BPF/fxp2/00:30:48:22:8d:27/172.16.230.0/24 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Listening on BPF/fxp1/00:30:48:22:8d:26/172.16.250.0/24 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Sending on BPF/fxp1/00:30:48:22:8d:26/172.16.250.0/24 Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: No subnet declaration for fxp0 (172.16.100.243). Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on fxp0. If this is not what Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: you want, please write a subnet declaration Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: to which interface fxp0 is attached. ** Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:29:07 mail dhcpd: Sending on Socket/fallback/fallback-net[/code:1:f3b8490096] ### without ######### [code:1:f3b8490096] Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Internet Software Consortium DHCP Server V3.0.1rc11 Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Copyright 1995-2003 Internet Software Consortium. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: All rights reserved. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/products/DHCP Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: ** You must add a ddns-update-style statement to /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: To get the same behaviour as in 3.0b2pl11 and previous Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: versions, add a line that says "ddns-update-style ad-hoc;" Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Please read the dhcpd.conf manual page for more information. ** Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: If you did not get this software from ftp.isc.org, please Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: get the latest from ftp.isc.org and install that before Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: requesting help. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: If you did get this software from ftp.isc.org and have not Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: yet read the README, please read it before requesting help. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: If you intend to request help from the dhcp-server@isc.org Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: mailing list, please read the section on the README about Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: submitting bug reports and requests for help. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Please do not under any circumstances send requests for Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: help directly to the authors of this software - please Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: send them to the appropriate mailing list as described in Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: the README file. Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: Jun 19 22:30:37 mail dhcpd: exiting. ### [/code:1:f3b8490096] It say "** You [size=18:f3b8490096][color=red:f3b8490096]must [/color:f3b8490096][/size:f3b8490096]add a ddns-update-style statement to /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf. To get the same behaviour as in 3.0b2pl11 and previous versions, add a line that says "ddns-update-style ad-hoc;" Please read the dhcpd.conf manual page for more information. **" :P :P |
| aborigen 回复于：2003-06-19 22:34:31 |
| [quote:d73f1962be="jamwolf"]刚刚做了一个试验，dhcpd.conf内容没变，加上了一句ddns-update-style none;就能启动了，自动向客户端分配IP也正常了。
P.S. ISC-DHCPD分配IP的顺序还挺逗，range 192.168.141.100 192.168.141.200；结果先分出去..........[/quote:d73f1962be] 恭喜你 :lol: PS：你讨论问题不怎么有贴日志的习惯，这个很不利于讨论。 |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 00:30:10 |
| [quote:fd53d5c79b="aborigen"]sc-dhcpd 2.x 没问题，isc-dhcpd 3.x 不行的。
## with ddns- ###It is ok.## [/quote:fd53d5c79b] 确实，原来偶的版本还只有2.x啊，不说还不知道。。。 :roll: sleeve@magic:~$ [b:fd53d5c79b]dhcpd[/b:fd53d5c79b] Internet Software Consortium DHCP Server [color=red:fd53d5c79b]2.0pl5[/color:fd53d5c79b]-OpenBSD Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 The Internet Software Consortium. All rights reserved. Please contribute if you find this software useful. For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/dhcp-contrib.html ... sleeve@magic:~$ |
| kinux 回复于：2003-06-20 00:34:34 |
| [quote:5e8c48ea94="红袖添香"]OpenBSD
Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 The Internet Software Consortium. All rights reserved. Please contribute if you find this software useful. For info, please visit http://www.isc.or..........[/quote:5e8c48ea94] 奇怪, 你屋企叫用dhcp??? :roll: |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 00:43:46 |
| [quote:deac29cf27="kinux"]
奇怪, 你屋企叫用dhcp??? :roll:[/quote:deac29cf27] 屋企？ :?: 什么意思？ :roll: |
| kinux 回复于：2003-06-20 00:51:49 |
| [quote:6f3cb76d54="红袖添香"]
屋企？ :?: 什么意思？ :roll:[/quote:6f3cb76d54] 家里 |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 01:08:27 |
| [quote:5201927ee6="kinux"]
家里[/quote:5201927ee6] 家里就不能用啦？ :? 学习学习咯 :!: |
| dylix 回复于：2003-06-20 01:13:35 |
| 我也在家里用的 |
| kinux 回复于：2003-06-20 01:16:48 |
| [quote:9cedd17dda="红袖添香"]
家里就不能用啦？ :? 学习学习咯 :!:[/quote:9cedd17dda] 在家里学习... 也许我要试试... 8) |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 01:32:41 |
| [quote:839ce55163="kinux"]
在家里学习... 也许我要试试... 8)[/quote:839ce55163] 呵呵，不在家中，我还根本没有BSD环境！ 学校有AIX，HP-UX，Solaris，Linux... 唯读没有BSD！ :roll: |
| kinux 回复于：2003-06-20 01:38:35 |
| [quote:8ee30e3483="红袖添香"]
呵呵，不在家中，我还根本没有BSD环境！ 学校有AIX，HP-UX，Solaris，Linux... 唯读没有BSD！ :roll:[/quote:8ee30e3483] haha!!! 那你把他们看部都学了.. :lol: 你的学校太有錢了, 什么都有, 就是沒有BSD... 好像有点讨貴不讨好的样子, 不过大部分的学校都是这样.. BSD就好像是个孤儿, 苦苦掙扎... 当然也有例外.. [img:8ee30e3483]http://acme.ecn.purdue.edu/pics/2000.07.01/cluster_front_5.jpg[/img:8ee30e3483] http://acme.ecn.purdue.edu/ |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 01:48:29 |
| [quote:bdefb107ba="kinux"]
haha!!! 那你把他们看部都学了.. :lol:[/quote:bdefb107ba] 嗨，一个 user aclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccount 有什么用？ 除了能 ls -l 和 mutt 还能玩出什么花样？！ :?: :? :roll: |
| kinux 回复于：2003-06-20 02:16:44 |
| 那倒也是....
在学校里是只能用不能玩.. |
| vadem 回复于：2003-06-20 03:35:05 |
| 我早就安装过的，但是不知道为何IP地址是倒序分配的，如：10-254，客户机会首先取254
而且默认的lease时间太短 |
| 红袖添香 回复于：2003-06-20 04:30:03 |
| ...
在旧的版本，比如我的 2.x ，IP 的分配是按升序排列的。 但是从 3.x 开始，IP 的分配不再是按照升序分配， 因为空闲 IP 是以哈希表的形式存放的， 这就决定不可能是个某个特定的升序或降序， 当你得到一个 IP 后，你无法预测下一个会是多少。 |
| jiangrui80 回复于：2004-10-18 21:09:14 |
| 你好：如何在LINUX下实现
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 比如如何把192.168.28.0这个网段分成以下两段： 192.168.28.1 192.168.28.190 192.168.28.191 192.168.28.254 |
| llzqq 回复于：2004-10-19 11:54:56 |
| 给楼主补充一点：
在一个指定的网卡上提供服务： # vi /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh dhcpd_ifaces=rl0 # ethernet interface(s) |
| shao1jie1 回复于：2004-12-29 13:08:10 |
| 为什么会出现多台终端拿不到IP，
我设置了三个网段 10.0.1.0 10.0.2.0 10.0.3.0 |
| Macolex 回复于：2004-12-30 14:56:15 |
| [quote:d5c58e1ea9="红袖添香"]
呵呵，不在家中，我还根本没有BSD环境！ 学校有AIX，HP-UX，Solaris，Linux... 唯读没有BSD！ :roll:[/quote:d5c58e1ea9] 那她上BSD都是远程登录？ |
