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route add 如何增加永久路由
发表于：2007-06-09来源：作者：点击数：
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在机器重起后依然维持原来的路由表保持不变 ipfreak 回复于：2002-09-19 15:51:00 mkaeafilestartwithSandputunderrc2.dorrc3.d. putrouteaddwhatevershitinthisfile liluo 回复于：2002-09-19 16:49:31 如果是default路由，那么就在/etc/defaultrouter里面
在机器重起后依然维持原来的路由表保持不变
| ipfreak 回复于：2002-09-19 15:51:00 |
| mkae a file start with S and put under rc2.d or rc3.d. put "route add whatever shit" in this file |
| liluo 回复于：2002-09-19 16:49:31 |
| 如果是default路由，那么就在/etc/defaultrouter里面写入你的路由器的IP地址 如果是具体到某个网段的路由，偶的方便方法是在/etc/inittab的最后写入加路由的命令，具体规则查/etc/inittab的语法。 不在运行级别里面写是因为太麻烦 |
| 南非蜘蛛 回复于：2002-09-19 17:28:46 |
| [quote][b]下面引用由[u]dragonzh[/u]在 [i]2002/09/19 03:44pm[/i] 发表的内容：[/b] 在机器重起后依然维持原来的路由表保持不变 [/quote] route add加不了永久路径,从起就会失效,需要写到文件里 |
| rimrock 回复于：2002-09-19 17:35:41 |
| at /etc/rc3.d/S90route file add: route -nv add -net netip routeip reboot |
| 南非蜘蛛 回复于：2002-09-19 17:39:14 |
| [quote][b]下面引用由[u]rimrock[/u]在 [i]2002/09/19 05:35pm[/i] 发表的内容：[/b] at /etc/rc3.d/S90route file add: route -nv add -net netip routeip reboot [/quote] 什么意思?/etc/rc3.d/S90route有这个文件吗? |
| rimrock 回复于：2002-09-19 17:41:37 |
| you must create file: /etc/rc3.d/S90route by yourself in my SUN server, it work well. note: this file can run only in level 3. |
| sunmarmot 回复于：2002-09-19 17:57:02 |
| 静态路由 最长用的静态路由是一台主机到一台本地路由器，通常在 /etc/defaultrouter中定义，用于添加网关 #vi /etc/defaultrouter 192.168.8.1 服务器的的静态路由也可以通过使用in.routed在文件/etc/gateways中定义，当使用静态路由时，在内核中的路由表在系统启动时被定义，并 且通常不会改变，除非使用route或ifconfig 命令修改。当本地网络通过单一的网关与Internet的其余部分相连时静态路由是最合适的选择。 静态路由可用route或ifconfig 手工加入,生成后重起不变,如果使用动态路由则在重启后经常会导致路由表的改变，应为守护进程负责处理网 络配置和可用路由的变化。 内核路由表 有三种路由 1.主机路由从一台主机映射一条到本地网络上的的其他主机上 command format: route add -host destination_ip local_ip -interface interface eg: 我们想为本地主机接口hme0(204.12.17.1)和另一台在相邻才C类网络上的主机(204.12.16.100)之间增加一条路由 #route add -host 204.12.16.100 204.12.17.1 -interface hme0 2.网络路由允许数据包从本地主机传输到在本地网络的其他主机上 增加一个到另一个网络的的直接路由 command format: route add -net destination_network_ip local_ip -netmask mask eg: 如果我们要想为C类网掩码在本地主机(204.12.17.1)和我们上面指出的网络之间增加一条路由(204.12.16.0网络)我们可以使用如下的命令： #route add -net 204.12.16.0 204.12.17.1 -netmask 255.255.255.0 3.缺省路由将寻找一条路由的任务传送到一台路由器。RIP 和RDISC守护进程都可以使用缺省路由。 command format: route add default hostname -interface interface eg：增加一条到本地路由器(204.54.56.1)的缺省路由，通常用在添加网关并马上生效 #route add default 204.54.56.1 -interface hme1 动态路由 Solaris 支持路由信息协议(RIP)，路由发现协议(RDISC)两种TCP/IP网络标准路由协议 ，RIP是通过in.routed守护进程来实现的，通常 在多用户启动时配置启动。路由守护进程总是建立一个可到达每个网络的路由表。 主机使用RDISC守护进程(in.rdisc)来搜集来自路由器的可用路由信息。in.rdisc通常为响应请求的每一个路由器建立一个缺省路由。 注意：如果要使动态路由启用，前提必须是文件/etc/defaultrouter为空。 in.routed进程通过启动/etc/rc2.d/S69inet中的一行，在使用如下命令的多用户启动时启动。 #/usr/sbin/in.routed -q 初始化后，路由守护进程检查文件/etc/gateways中指定的网关. #/usr/sbin/in.routed -S 也可以使用-S参数处始化in.routed来实现节省模式，这种方式可以节省并更新的活动路由的数目。但这种方式可能受到网络中路由器故障的困绕。 如果你要想每次重启动后要用，你就把route add.....写到里面去 # cat /etc/rc2.d/S69inet #!/sbin/sh # # Copyright (c) 1995, 1997-1999 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. # All rights reserved. # #pragma ident "@(#)inetinit 1.44 99/10/04 SMI" # # This is the second phase of TCP/IP configuration. The first part, # run in the "/etc/rcS.d/S30rootusr.sh" script, does all configuration # necessary to mount the "/usr" filesystem via NFS. This includes configuring # the interfaces and setting the machine's hostname. The second part, # run in this script, does all configuration that can be done before # NIS or NIS+ is started. This includes configuring IP routing, # setting the NIS domainname and setting any tunable parameters. The # third part, run in a subsequent startup script, does all # configuration that may be dependent on NIS/NIS+ maps. This includes # a final re-configuration of the interfaces and starting all internet # services. # case "$1" in 'start') ;; # Fall through -- rest of script is the initialization code 'stop') # # If we were routing dynamically, we will note this with # the .dynamic_routing file, so that we can leave the routes # in place without thinking they're static route entries # when we come back into states 2 or 3. # if /usr/bin/pgrep -x -u 0 'in.routed|in.rdisc' >/dev/null 2>&1; then /usr/bin/pkill -x -u 0 'in.routed|in.rdisc' > /etc/.dynamic_routing fi exit 0 ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 { start | stop }" exit 1 ;; esac # # Initialize IPsec only if ipsecinit.conf exists. Otherwise, save the # kernel memory that'll be chomped if IPsec is loaded. # if [ -f /etc/inet/ipsecinit.conf ] ; then /usr/sbin/ipseclearcase/" target="_blank" >cconf -qa /etc/inet/ipsecinit.conf fi # # Set the RFC 1948 entropy, regardless of if I'm using it or not. If present, # use the encrypted root password as a source of entropy. Otherwise, # just use the pre-set (and hopefully difficult to guess) entropy that # tcp used when it loaded. # encr=`/usr/bin/awk -F: '/^root:/ {print $2}' /etc/shadow` [ -z "$encr" ] || /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_1948_phrase $encr unset encr # # Set TCP ISS generation. By default the ISS generation is # time + random()-delta. This might not be strong enough for some users. # See /etc/default/inetinit for settings and further info on TCP_STRONG_ISS. # If not set, use TCP's internal default setting. # # Get value of TCP_STRONG_ISS [ -f /etc/default/inetinit ] && . /etc/default/inetinit if [ $TCP_STRONG_ISS ]; then /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_strong_iss $TCP_STRONG_ISS fi # # Configure default IPv4 routers using the local "/etc/defaultrouter" # configuration file. The file can contain the hostnames or IP # addresses of one or more default routers. If hostnames are used, # each hostname must also be listed in the local "/etc/hosts" file # because NIS and NIS+ are not running at the time that this script is # run. Each router name or address is listed on a single line by # itself in the file. Anything else on that line after the router's # name or address is ignored. Lines that begin with "#" are # considered comments and ignored. # # The default routes listed in the "/etc/defaultrouter" file will # replace those added by the kernel during diskless booting. An # empty "/etc/defaultrouter" file will cause the default route # added by the kernel to be deleted. # # Note that the default router file is ignored if we received routes # from a DHCP server. Our policy is to always trust DHCP over local # administration. # if [ "$_INIT_NET_STRATEGY" = "dhcp" ] && [ -n "`/sbin/dhcpinfo Router`" ]; then defrouters=`/sbin/dhcpinfo Router` elif [ -f /etc/defaultrouter ]; then defrouters=`/usr/bin/grep -v \^\# /etc/defaultrouter | \ /usr/bin/awk '{print $1}'` if [ -n "$defrouters" ]; then # # We want the default router(s) listed in /etc/defaultrouter # to replace the one added from the BOOTPARAMS WHOAMI response # but we must avoid flushing the last route between the running # system and its /usr file system. # # First, remember the original route. shift $# set -- `/usr/bin/netstat -rn -f inet | /usr/bin/grep '^default'` route_IP="$2" # # Next, add those from /etc/defaultrouter. While doing this, # if one of the routes we add is for the route previously # added as a result of the BOOTPARAMS response, we will see # a message of the form: # "add net default: gateway a.b.c.d: entry exists" # do_delete=yes for router in $defrouters; do set -- `/usr/sbin/route -n add default $router` [ $? -eq 0 -a "x$5" = "x$route_IP:" ] && do_delete=no done # # Finally, delete the original default route unless it was # also listed in the defaultrouter file. # if [ -n "$route_IP" -a $do_delete = yes ]; then /usr/sbin/route -n delete default $route_IP > /dev/null fi else /usr/sbin/route -fn > /dev/null fi else defrouters= fi # # Set NIS domainname if locally configured. # if [ -f /etc/defaultdomain ]; then /usr/bin/domainname `cat /etc/defaultdomain` echo "NIS domainname is `/usr/bin/domainname`" fi # # Run in.routed/router discovery if we don't already have a default # route installed or if we had been running them in a previous # multiuser state. # if [ -z "$defrouters" -a ! -f /etc/.dynamic_routing ]; then # # No default routes were setup by "route" command above - check the # kernel routing table for any other default routes. # /usr/bin/netstat -rn -f inet | \ /usr/bin/grep default >/dev/null 2>&1 && defrouters=yes fi [ -f /etc/.dynamic_routing ] && /usr/bin/rm -f /etc/.dynamic_routing if [ -z "$defrouters" ]; then # # Determine how many active interfaces there are and how many pt-pt # interfaces. Act as an IPv4 router if there are more than 2 interfaces # (including the loopback interface) or one or more point-point # interface. Also act as an IPv4 router if /etc/gateways exists. # # Do NOT act as an IPv4 router if /etc/notrouter exists. # Do NOT act as an IPv4 router if DHCP was used to configure # interface(s) # inetifaddrs="`/usr/sbin/ifconfig -a4u | /usr/bin/grep inet`" numifs=`echo "$inetifaddrs" | /usr/bin/wc -l` numptptifs=`echo "$inetifaddrs" | /usr/bin/egrep -c -e '-->'` if [ "$_INIT_NET_STRATEGY" = "dhcp" ]; then numdhcp=`/usr/sbin/ifconfig -a4 | /usr/bin/grep -c DHCP` else numdhcp=0 fi if [ ! -f /etc/notrouter -a $numdhcp -eq 0 -a \ \( $numifs -gt 2 -o $numptptifs -gt 0 -o -f /etc/gateways \) ]; then # # Machine is an IPv4 router: turn on ip_forwarding, run # in.routed, and advertise ourselves as a router using router # discovery. # echo 'Machine is an IPv4 router.' /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1 [ -f /usr/sbin/in.routed ] && /usr/sbin/in.routed -s [ -f /usr/sbin/in.rdisc ] && /usr/sbin/in.rdisc -r else # # Machine is an IPv4 host: if router discovery finds a router # then we rely on router discovery. If there are no routers # advertising themselves through router discovery # run in.routed in quiet mode. In both cases, turn off # ip_forwarding. # /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 0 if [ -f /usr/sbin/in.rdisc ] && /usr/sbin/in.rdisc -s; then echo 'Starting IPv4 router discovery.' elif [ -f /usr/sbin/in.routed ]; then /usr/sbin/in.routed -q echo 'Starting IPv4 routing daemon.' fi fi else /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 0 fi # # Run IPv6 if more than lo0 plumbed for IPv6. # /usr/sbin/ifconfig -a6u >/tmp/ifconfig.$$ numv6ifs=`/usr/bin/grep -c inet6 /tmp/ifconfig.$$` if [ $numv6ifs -gt 1 ]; then # # Run IPv6 routing only if /etc/inet/ndpd.conf exists, otherwise just # run the host portion. # if [ -f /etc/inet/ndpd.conf ]; then # # Machine is an IPv6 router: turn on ip6_forwarding, # ip6_send_redirects and ip6_ignore_redirect, run in.ripngd, and # advertise ourselves as a router using neighbor discovery. # echo "Machine is an IPv6 router." /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_forwarding 1 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_send_redirects 1 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_ignore_redirect 1 if [ -f /usr/lib/inet/in.ndpd ]; then /usr/lib/inet/in.ndpd fi if [ -f /usr/lib/inet/in.ripngd ]; then /usr/lib/inet/in.ripngd -s fi else # Machine is an IPv6 host - just run neighbor discovery. /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_forwarding 0 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_send_redirects 0 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_ignore_redirect 0 if [ -f /usr/lib/inet/in.ndpd ] ; then echo "Starting IPv6 neighbor discovery." /usr/lib/inet/in.ndpd fi fi # # Add a static route for multicast packets out of a link-local # interface, although would like to specify multicast interface using # an interface name! # set -- `/usr/bin/awk ' /inet6 fe80:/ { print substr($2, 1, index($2, "/"  - 1)}' /tmp/ifconfig.$$` if [ -n "$1" ]; then echo "Setting default IPv6 interface for multicast: \c" /usr/sbin/route -n add -interface -inet6 "ff00::/8" "$1" fi else /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_forwarding 0 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_send_redirects 0 /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip6_ignore_redirect 0 fi /usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/ifconfig.$$ # # Configure tunnels which was deferred by /etc/rcS.d/S30network.sh since # it depends on the tunnel endpoints being reachable i.e. routing must be # running. # # WARNING: you may wish to turn OFF forwarding if you haven't already, because # of various possible security vulnerabilities when configuring tunnels for # Virtual Private Network (VPN) construction. # # Also, if names are used in the /etc/hostname.ip.tun* file, those names # have to be in either DNS (and DNS is used) or in /etc/hosts, because this # file is executed before NIS or NIS+ is started. # # # IPv4 tunnels # The second component of the name must be either "ip" or "ip6". # interface_names="`/usr/bin/ls /etc/hostname.ip*.*[0-9] 2>/dev/null | \ /usr/bin/grep '/etc/hostname\.ip6\{0,1\}\.'`" if [ -n "$interface_names" ]; then ( echo "configuring IPv4 tunnels:\c" # Extract the part after the first '.' set -- `for intr in $interface_names; do \ /usr/bin/expr //$intr : '[^.]*\.\(.*\)$'; done` while [ $# -ge 1 ]; do # Skip empty files if [ ! -s /etc/hostname\.$1 ]; then shift continue fi /usr/sbin/ifconfig $1 plumb 2>&1 >/dev/null while read ifcmds; do if [ -n "$ifcmds" ]; then /usr/sbin/ifconfig $1 inet $ifcmds \ 2>&1 >/dev/null fi done </etc/hostname\.$1 echo " $1\c" shift done echo "." fi # # IPv6 Tunnels # The second component of the name must be either "ip" or "ip6". # interface_names="`/usr/bin/ls /etc/hostname6.ip*.*[0-9] 2>/dev/null | \ /usr/bin/grep '/etc/hostname6\.ip6\{0,1\}\.'`" if [ -n "$interface_names" ]; then ( echo "configuring IPv6 tunnels:\c" # Extract the part after the first '.' set -- `for intr in $interface_names; do \ /usr/bin/expr //$intr : '[^.]*\.\(.*\)$'; done` while [ $# -ge 1 ]; do # Skip empty files if [ ! -s /etc/hostname6\.$1 ]; then shift continue fi /usr/sbin/ifconfig $1 inet6 plumb 2>&1 >/dev/null while read ifcmds; do if [ -n "$ifcmds" ]; then /usr/sbin/ifconfig $1 inet6 $ifcmds \ 2>&1 >/dev/null fi done </etc/hostname6\.$1 echo " $1\c" shift done echo "." fi |
| templine 回复于：2003-01-09 17:00:57 |
| （1）首先你需要创建一个文件，譬如叫/xyz,记得一定要让它可以执行（#chmod +X /xyz）它包含如下内容 route add 目标网段（或者目标地址） 缺省网关 例如 route add 192.168.1.0 192.168.0.100 看你需要添加可以多条类似记录 （2）接着你可以按如下操作就可以了，重新启动机器就成了 # cp /xyz /etc/init.d # cd /etc/init.d # ln xyz /etc/rc2.d/S100xyz # ln xyz /etc/rc0.d/K100xyz # ls /etc/init.d /etc/rc2.d /etc/rc0.d(检查文件在否) 如果在执行#rm /xyz(删除那个已经临时文件，节省磁盘空间：） 我在生产环境如是测试过，工作很好，该思路来自管理员手册，看你自己的运气了！：） |
| future00 回复于：2003-01-11 01:02:45 |
| sunmarmot的介绍的比较详细，一般在/etc下vi defaultrouter就可以了 |
| laoxia 回复于：2003-01-11 01:14:56 |
| 缺省的，放/etc/defaultrouter 里 非缺省的， 放/etc/gateways 里 |
