vahmoiz 回复于:2004-12-13 21:03:06 |
hehe |
billquick 回复于:2004-12-13 21:30:07 |
which is bigger? df or du? |
bear 回复于:2004-12-14 10:08:20 |
你在/下用du -sk home看看 |
leolein 回复于:2004-12-14 10:15:12 |
一样的,/home的使用量查出来,df的基本上比du的大一倍。会不会是应用程序的问题,我有一些程序在不停的写硬盘,而且基本上都是大文件。 |
race 回复于:2004-12-14 10:24:23 |
# du -sk /data1
27046194 /data1 # df -k /data1 Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/dsk/c2t6d0s6 48059735 27046194 20532944 57% /data1 这个是几天没运行程序的机器的结果。如果硬盘在进行操作的话,统计结果就不是那么准确了。 |
leolein 回复于:2004-12-14 10:50:27 |
但这个也太不准了吧,相差几个G啊! |
leolein 回复于:2004-12-14 10:54:23 |
或者这样问吧:
df和du哪个准确? |
ma_hu 回复于:2004-12-14 12:43:05 |
man du
你仔细看一下 du的计算方法. 这两个命令都是准的,用处不一样. |
bear 回复于:2004-12-14 13:19:35 |
这个文档能给你一个满意的答复:)
Document Id: 26928Synopsis: du and df Differences (originally published 8/91) Update date: 2001-05-13Description: du and df Differences -- --- -- ----------- This article explains how reporting disk usage du and reporting free disk space on file systems df may show different numbers. du -- The du user command gives the number of kilobytes contained in all files and, recursively, directories within each specified directory or file (filename). If filename is missing, `.' (the current directory) is used. A file which has multiple links to it is only counted once. EXAMPLE: system % du 5 ./jokes 33 ./squash 44 ./tech.papers/lpr.document 217 ./tech.papers/new.manager 401 ./tech.papers 144 ./memos 80 ./letters 388 ./window 93 ./messages 15 ./useful.news 1211 . Note that the last number, 1211 is the grand total (in kilobytes) for the directory. df -- The df user command displays the following information: amount of disk space oclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccupied by currently mounted file systems the amount of used and available space how much of the file system's total capacity has been used Used without arguments, df reports on all mounted file systems. EXAMPLE: system % df Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/ip0a 7445 4714 1986 70% / /dev/ip0g 42277 35291 2758 93% /usr Note: used plus avail is less than the amount of space in the file system (kilobytes) because the system reserves a fraction of the space in the file system to allow its allocation routines to work well. The amount reserved is typically about 10%. (This may be adjusted using the tunefs command. Refer to the man pages on tunefs(8) for more information.) When all the space on a file system, except for this reserve, is in use, only the super-user can allocate new files and data blocks to existing files. This, however, may cause the file system to be over allocated. When a file system is over allocated in this way, df may report that the file system is more than 100% utilized. If arguments to df are disk partitions (for example, /dev/ip0as or path names), df produces a report on the file system containing the named file. Thus, df shows the amount of space on the file system containing the current directory. Problem Definition ------- ---------- This section gives the technical explanation of why du and df sometimes report different totals of disk space usage. When a program that is running in the background writes to a file while the process is running, the file to which this process is writing is deleted. Running df and du shows a discrepancy in the amount of disk space usage. The df command shows a higher value. Explanation Summary ----------- ------- When you open a file, you get a pointer. Subsequent writes to this file references this file pointer. The write call does not check to see if the file is there or not. It just writes to the specified number of characters starting at a predetermined location. Regardless of whether the file exist or not, disk blocks are used by the write operation. The df command reports the number of disk blocks used while du goes through the file structure and and reports the number of blocks used by each directory. As far as du is concerned, the file used by the process does not exist, so it does not report blocks used by this phantom file. But df keeps track of disk blocks used, and it reports the blocks used by this phantom file. |
leolein 回复于:2004-12-14 17:34:43 |
谢谢,就是这个原因。
我因为磁盘快满了就删除了一些过期的文件,可能应用程序还在使用这些文件句柄,所以导致了我说的问题。 我把所有的应用程序都停止后,du和df的结果就大致相同了 |
leolein 回复于:2004-12-14 17:36:48 |
谢谢bear 提供的文档及各位的帮助! |
nanaskylead 回复于:2004-12-14 17:36:53 |
不错,这是一个盲点。。。。。。 |
bear 回复于:2004-12-14 20:47:08 |
其实这样也是避免文件系统满的另外一个方面,不清理就会造成文件系统满的假象。 |
xhui 回复于:2004-12-14 21:02:47 |
这个问题我在AIX上也碰到了,我们的应用跑上一段时间(几周)后,用df和du统计出来的结果相差就很大(df统计值更大),有的时候有几百M, 甚至1、2个G,我把所有的应用全部停下来后还是没有什么改变,不知道为什么?不知有没有那位大侠知道 |
bear 回复于:2004-12-14 21:25:58 |
[quote:d79831187a="xhui"]这个问题我在AIX上也碰到了,我们的应用跑上一段时间(几周)后,用df和du统计出来的结果相差就很大(df统计值更大),有的时候有几百M, 甚至1、2个G,我把所有的应用全部停下来后还是没有什么改变,不知道为什么?不?.........[/quote:d79831187a]
把那个文件系统umount试试 |
吹拂的晨风 回复于:2004-12-14 22:17:45 |
bear提供的文档很不错,虽然在其他地方也见过类似的解释,可没有这些具体和明白,而且这样的讨论值得继续!顶一下! |
bear 回复于:2004-12-15 09:07:18 |
呵呵,我也是借花献佛的,原来自己也不是很清楚,因为基本没仔细做过系统管理员。文档中是给出了原因,但是处理手法可能有很多情况,欢迎有过处理经验的CUer跟点经验贴,也不枉斑竹个加的精华。 |
xhui 回复于:2004-12-17 22:21:11 |
谢谢bear的回复!
unmount文件系统是可以的,以前试过。但是产生df和du不同的原因一直没有查到。按理说应用系统的进程全部终止后,操作系统应该释放进程占用的资源,可是实际上没有。不知道应用程序中什么样的调用会导致文件系统的“虚”增长。 |
xiaoqiangxp 回复于:2005-04-12 16:33:42 |
我这边的solaris操作系统 用 df -k 看/export/homea占用空间为90G .用du -k看/export/homea占用空间为3G多,相差几十倍 哪位能知道这方面的原因? |
xiaoqiangxp 回复于:2005-04-13 12:37:26 |
When a file system is over allocated in this way,
df may report that the file system is more than 100% utilized 那有可能 df 磁盘占用已经超了100%的情况?但是其实是正常的。业务不会受到影响? |