我们曾经和大家探讨过全面剖析Java ME单元测试理念,其实在Android上实现JUnit单元测试也不是很困难,主要是在配置文件和测试环境上将花费很长时间,下面从四步简单讲一下在Android上实现Junit单元测试。
第一步:新建一个TestCase,记得要继承androidTestCase,才能有getContext()来获取当前的上下文变量,这在Android测试中很重要的,因为很多的Android api都需要context。
Java代码
public class TestMath extends AndroidTestCase { private int i1; private int i2; static final String LOG_TAG = "MathTest"; @Override protected void setUp() throws Exception { i1 = 2; i2 = 3; } public void testAdd() { assertTrue("testAdd failed", ((i1 + i2) == 5)); } public void testDec() { assertTrue("testDec failed", ((i2 - i1) == 1)); } @Override protected void tearDown() throws Exception { super.tearDown(); } @Override public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() { super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly(); //Log.d( LOG_TAG, "testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly" ); } } |
第二步:新建一个TestSuit,这个就继承Junit的TestSuite就可以了,注意这里是用的addTestSuite方法,一开始使用addTest方法就是不能成功。
Java代码
public class ExampleSuite extends TestSuite { public ExampleSuite() { addTestSuite(TestMath.class); } } |
第三步:新建一个Activity,用来启动单元测试,并显示测试结果。系统的AndroidTestRunner竟然什么连个UI界面也没有实现,这里只是最简单的实现了一个。
Java代码
public class TestActivity extends Activity { private TextView resultView; private TextView barView; private TextView messageView; private Thread testRunnerThread; private static final int SHOW_RESULT = 0; private static final int ERROR_FIND = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.ResultView); barView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.BarView); messageView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.MessageView); Button lunch = (Button)findViewById(R.id.LunchButton); lunch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { startTest(); } }); } private void showMessage(String message) { hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(ERROR_FIND, message)); } private void showResult(String text) { hander.sendMessage(hander.obtainMessage(SHOW_RESULT, text)); } private synchronized void startTest() { if (testRunnerThread != null && testRunnerThread.isAlive()) { testRunnerThread = null; } if (testRunnerThread == null) { testRunnerThread = new Thread(new TestRunner(this)); testRunnerThread.start(); } else { Toast.makeText(this, "Test is still running", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } public Handler hander = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case SHOW_RESULT: resultView.setText(msg.obj.toString()); break; case ERROR_FIND: messageView.append(msg.obj.toString()); barView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED); break; default: break; } } }; class TestRunner implements Runnable, TestListener { private Activity parentActivity; private int testCount; private int errorCount; private int failureCount; public TestRunner(Activity parentActivity) { this.parentActivity = parentActivity; } @Override public void run() { testCount = 0; errorCount = 0; failureCount = 0; ExampleSuite suite = new ExampleSuite(); AndroidTestRunner testRunner = new AndroidTestRunner(); testRunner.setTest(suite); testRunner.addTestListener(this); testRunner.setContext(parentActivity); testRunner.runTest(); } @Override public void addError(Test test, Throwable t) { errorCount++; showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n"); } @Override public void addFailure(Test test, AssertionFailedError t) { failureCount++; showMessage(t.getMessage() + "\n"); } @Override public void endTest(Test test) { showResult(getResult()); } @Override public void startTest(Test test) { testCount++; } private String getResult() { int successCount = testCount - failureCount - errorCount; return "Test:" + testCount + " Success:" + successCount + " Failed:" + failureCount + " Error:" + errorCount; } } } |
原文转自:http://www.uml.org.cn/Test/201308013.asp