robot函数实例讲解(一)

发表于:2008-10-23来源:作者:点击数: 标签:robotRobot讲解实例函数
功能说明:出现一个提示对话框,N秒后消失,比如说:提示等待一个窗口阿,有时候这个窗口没了,我也不知道脚本运行到什么地方了,提示一下挺好,也方便 其他 的 测试 员修改,而且,也不影响无人值守的操作 例子:SQAMsgbox "test","title",5 Global iTime a

功能说明:出现一个提示对话框,N秒后消失,比如说:提示等待一个窗口阿,有时候这个窗口没了,我也不知道脚本运行到什么地方了,提示一下挺好,也方便其他测试员修改,而且,也不影响无人值守的操作

例子:SQAMsgbox "test","title",5

Global iTime as Integer

Declare Function TimedDlgFunc(id As String, Action As Integer, Suppvalue As Long) As Integer

Declare Function SQAMsgBox(sMsgText as String, Optional vMsgCaption as Variant, Optional vTimeOut as Variant) as Integer


Function TimedDlgFunc(id As String, Action As Integer, Suppvalue As Long) As Integer
    Static StartTime
    Dim EndTime
    Dim vTimeoutvalue as Variant

    Select Case Action
        Case 1      'Dialog box Initialization
                StartTime = Timer

                If StartTime + iTime >= 86400 Then
                        StartTime = 86400 - StartTime - iTime
                End If
                TimedDlgFunc = 1

        Case 2      'Button pushed or any control changed (except typing in text or combo box)
            Select Case Suppvalue
                Case 1
                    DlgEnd -1
                Case 2
                    DlgEnd 0
                Case Else
                    TimedDlgFunc = 0
            End Select

        Case 3      'Change in text or combo box contents
                TimedDlgFunc = 1

        Case 4      'Change of control focus
                TimedDlgFunc = 1

        Case 5      'Idle state (return 0 to prevent this being continually called)
                EndTime = Timer
                If (EndTime - StartTime) >= iTime Then
                        DlgEnd -1
                End If
                vTimeoutvalue = Format(iTime - (EndTime - StartTime), "#.#")
                DlgText DlgControlID("txtTimevalue"), CStr(vTimeoutvalue)
                TimedDlgFunc = 1
    End Select

End Function


Function SQAMsgBox(sMsgText as String, Optional vMsgCaption as Variant, Optional vTimeOut as Variant) as Integer
    Dim Result as Integer
    Dim TotalTime As Integer
    Dim sCmdText as String   
    Dim sTimeoutText as String
    Dim vvalue as Variant

   
    If IsMissing(vMsgCaption) Then
        vMsgCaption = "SQAMsgBox"
    End If
    If IsMissing(vTimeOut) Then
        vTimeOut = 20       'seconds
    End If

    sTimeoutText = "Timeout: "
   
'-----
    Begin Dialog dlgMsgBox 200, 80, vMsgCaption, .TimedDlgFunc
        GroupBox 5, 2, 190, 40, "", .grpMsgTxt
        Text 15, 11, 175, 25, sMsgText, .txtMsgText
        Text 15, 47, 180, 20, sCmdText, .txtCmdText
'--------------
        Button 20, 60, 40, 14, "&OK", .btnOK
        Button 140, 60, 40, 14, "&Cancel", .btnCancel
        Text 78, 63, 30, 10, sTimeoutText, .txtTimeText
        Text 108, 63, 20, 10, vTimeout, .txtTimevalue
    End Dialog
'-----

    Dim TimedDlg As dlgMsgBox
    iTime = CInt(vTimeOut)
    Result = Dialog(TimedDlg)
   
    If Result = 2 Then
        SQAMsgBox = sqaFail
    Else
        SQAMsgBox = sqaPass
    End If   
   
End Function

关于Recognition
一共分为Recognition, ParentRecognition, FullRecognition
1. To find the recognition method of the currently active window:
Result=SQAGetProperty(".\","Recognition",value)
Returned value:
Type=Window;Name=frmMain
抓出来的是当前窗口的一些信息

2. To find the immediate parent of the tree view item Bach:
Result=SQAGetProperty("Name=treMain;\;ItemText=Bach","ParentRecognition",value)
Returned value:
Type=TreeView;Name=treMain
抓出来的是树型结构的父结点的信息

3. To find the complete object path of the tree view item Bach, beginning with the desktop and ending with the target object itself:
Result=SQAGetProperty("Name=treMain;\;ItemText=Bach","FullRecognition",value)
Returned value:
Type=Window;Name=frmMain;\;Type=TreeView;Name=treMain;\;Type=TVItem;ItemText=Bach
抓出来的是树型结构中指向该控件的全部路径

Rational Robot中自动进行100次操作
Rational Robot中的SQA Basic与Basic语言极为类似,下面是一个for循环的例子,其中cstri()函数把整数转换成字符串。
Sub Main
    Dim Result As Integer
    Dim i As Integer
    ……
  
     'begin of for loop
     for i=1 to 100 step 1
     ……
     InputKeys cstr(i*3) '这个地方设置输入值为I*3.
     ……
    next
    'end of for loop
    ……
End Sub

使用Rational Robot录制自动测试GUI脚本,在点击一个按钮以后,出现的结果可能有多种,可能会出现一个含“确定”按钮的对话框,也可能出现一个标题为”Title abcd”的窗体,可以使用SQAWaitForPropertyvalue方法来判断出现的属性,或者使用SQAWaitForObject来判断出现何种窗体,下面是两个对可能出现的属性进行判断的例子。

1).2秒内假若出现确定对话框,点击确定按钮,否则打印"确定按钮未出现" :
'等待2秒直到确定按钮出现.
Result = SQAWaitForPropertyvalue("Text=(O)确定", "Enabled",TRUE, 2000)
If Result <> sqaSuclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccess Then
print "确定按钮未出现"
Else  
    PushButton Click, "Text=(O)确定"   
End If

2).2秒内假若出现标题为"Title abcd" 的窗体,打印"出现标题为Title abcd的窗体" ,否则打印"未出现标题为Title abcd的窗体" :
'等待2秒直到标题为Title abcd的窗体出现.
Result = SQAWaitForPropertyvalue("Caption=Title abcd", "Enabled",TRUE, 2000)
If Result <> sqaSuccess Then
PushButton Click, "Text=(O)确定"
print "出现标题为Title abcd的窗体"
Else  
    print "未出现标题为Title abcd的窗体"
End If


说明:
1).Result是一个Integer型变量;

2).SQAWaitForPropertyvalue:顾名思义,指的是等待一个属性被指定值之前暂停执行。SQAWaitForPropertyvalue("Text=(O)确定", "Enabled",TRUE, 2000)表示等待2秒直到确定按钮出现,如果2秒内未出现,则返回sqlfalse,出现则返回sqlsuccess;

3).SQA Basic中<>表示不等于;

4).另外,可以用SQAWaitForObject来判断出现出现的对象类型:
Result = SQAWaitForObject("Type=PushButton;Text=OK", 2000)
If Result = sqaSuccess Then
     ...          ' add the rest of the actions/tests here
End If

识别控件
需要相应的enabler,你现在测试的程序是delphi开发的应用软件,那么就要加载相应的delphi enabler!

extension manager里边加入了delphi enabler,但是这个还是不能识别出delphi开发中用到的第三方控件或则其他控件!其实这里选择只是个打开使用真正的delphi enabler的开关,真正的delphi其实是一个sqasrvr.pas的单元文件,这个单元文件是识别控件的核心。

ratitonal 2003里边的test enabler安装选项中包含delphi enabler,但是它需要你本机上安装delphi,才会把delphi enabler安装到你的机器上。否则不会出现。

假如安装成功后,会在开始菜单中rational菜单下,rational test菜单下出现个delphi enabler(具体什么名字忘记了)的菜单项,通过它可以调用一个执行文件。
执行文件的功能就是把sqasrvr.pas自动放到工程文件的头。

delphi 工程文件只有加载了这个delphi enabler(核心 sqasrvr.pas)才会让robot识别,当然前提是你的extension manager中delphi选择了。

Robot手工编写GUI脚本如何获取对象识别方法和属性

以计算器为例,下面的脚本是键盘输入“1+1=”,然后关闭计算器。
Sub Main
    Dim Result As Integer

    StartApplication "C:\WINNT\system32\calc.exe"
   
    Window SetContext, "Caption=计算器", ""
    InputKeys "1{+}1{ENTER}"
    Window CloseWin, "", ""

End Sub
   
    Robot提供了获取对象识别方法和属性的利器――Inspector。通过Robot tools-Inspector..打开。现在使用SQAGetProperty命令获取1+1的结果值,并通过msgbox显示该值。
    鼠标左键按住Inspectot工具栏上的“Select Objcet”按钮,然后选择计算器的结果放开鼠标左键。Inspectot中显示出对象的识别方法,鼠标左键点击工具栏上的“Copy recognition String”按钮拷贝识别方法,属性值通过选择Inspector左下角窗口中的Text属性,然后鼠标左键点击工具栏上的“Copy”按钮拷贝属性。修改后的脚本如下:
Sub Main
    Dim Result As Integer
    Dim sum as Variant

    StartApplication "C:\WINNT\system32\calc.exe"
   
    Window SetContext, "Caption=计算器", ""
    InputKeys "1{+}1{ENTER}"
   
    Result = SQAGetProperty ("Type=Label;ObjectIndex=1", "Text", sum)
    msgbox sum
   
    Window CloseWin, "", ""

End Sub

   

原文转自:http://www.ltesting.net