ISDNTroubleshooting

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　　使用sh isdn status显示ISDN线路状态。
　　ISDN线路共3层状态
　　第一层处于激活，说明路由器在ISDN线路上检测到2B1Q编码的帧
　　
　　第二层如显示Multipe_Frame_Established，说明路由器和交换机第一次握手。
　　

　　sh controller bri 0
　　这个命令也同样可以看到ISDN线路是否激活。
　　提示信息是Layer 1 internal state is ACTIVATED
　　无ISDN信号
　　在没有接通ISDN线路时。
　　sh isdn status可以看到第一层处于非活跃状态，
　　
　　Global ISDN Switchtype = basic-net3
　　ISDN BRI0 interface
　　dsl 0, interface ISDN Switchtype = basic-net3
　　Layer 1 Status:
　　DEACTIVED
　　Layer 2 调试
　　debug isdn q921
　　
　　这条命令使路由器显示自己和ISDN交换机第二层的所有活动。如TEI协商信息和RR。
　　D信道监控
　　sh int bri0
　　查看BRI接口的D信道状态。BRI物理接口是bri0。因此sh int bri0显示的是D信道状态。
　　R3#sh int bri0
　　BRI0 is up, line protocol is up (spoofing)
　　Hardware is BRI
　　Internet address is 196.1.1.1/24
　　MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
　　reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
　　Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set
　　Last input 00:00:06, output 00:00:06, output hang never
　　Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:07:02
　　Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
　　Queueing strategy: weighted fair
　　Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
　　Conversations 0/1/16 (active/max active/max total)
　　Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
　　5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　13 packets input, 95 bytes, 0 no buffer
　　Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
　　0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
　　11 packets output, 75 bytes, 0 underruns
　　0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
　　0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
　　1 carrier transitions
　　B信道监控
　　这里就直接举个例子
　　
　　R3# sh int bri 0:1
　　BRI0:1 is down, line protocol is down
　　Hardware is BRI
　　MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
　　reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
　　Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set
　　Keepalive set (10 sec)
　　LCP Closed, multilink Closed
　　Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
　　Last input 00:02:12, output 00:02:12, output hang never
　　Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
　　Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
　　Queueing strategy: fifo
　　Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
　　5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　65 packets input, 1754 bytes, 0 no buffer
　　Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
　　0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
　　65 packets output, 1754 bytes, 0 underruns
　　0 output errors, 0 collisions, 11 interface resets
　　0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
　　3 carrier transitions
　　
　　===========================================
　　
　　R3# sh int bri 0:2
　　BRI0:2 is down, line protocol is down
　　Hardware is BRI
　　MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
　　reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
　　Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set
　　Keepalive set (10 sec)
　　LCP Closed, multilink Closed
　　Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
　　Last input never, output never, output hang never
　　Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
　　Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
　　Queueing strategy: fifo
　　Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
　　5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
　　0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
　　Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
　　0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
　　0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
　　0 output errors, 0 collisions, 11 interface resets
　　0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
　　0 carrier transitions
　　第三层调试
　　debug isdn q931
　　第3层的ISDN流量包含每个B信道的呼叫建立和呼叫挂。同时可以通过debug ppp auth 查看认证过程。
　　
　　00:58:26: %ISDN-6-LAYER2UP: Layer 2 for Interface BR0, TEI 65 changed to up
　　00:58:26: ISDN BR0: TX -> SETUP pd = 8 callref = 0x0A
　　00:58:26: Bearer Capability i = 0x8890
　　00:58:26: Channel ID i = 0x83
　　00:58:26: Called Party Number i = 0x80, '38846302', Plan:Unknown, Type:Unknown
　　00:58:26: ISDN BR0: RX <- CALL_PROC pd = 8 callref = 0x8A
　　00:58:26: Channel ID i = 0x89.!!!!!!!!!
　　00:58:28: ISDN BR0: RX <- CONNECT pd = 8 callref = 0x8A
　　00:58:28: Date/Time i = 0x020C0C0216
　　00:58:28: Connected Number i = 0x21833338383436333032
　　00:58:28: ISDN BR0: TX -> CONNECT_ACK pd = 8 callref = 0x0A
　　00:58:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 PPP: Treating connection as a callout
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: O CHALLENGE id 8 len 23 from "R3"
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: I CHALLENGE id 6 len 23 from "R5"
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 6 len 23 from "R3"
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 6 len 4
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: I RESPONSE id 8 len 23 from "R5"
　　00:58:28: BR0:1 CHAP: O SUCCESS id 8 len 4
　　00:58:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
　　00:58:28: Vi1 PPP: Treating connection as a callout
　　00:58:29: ISDN BR0: TX -> SETUP pd = 8 callref = 0x0B
　　00:58:29: Bearer Capability i = 0x8890
　　00:58:29: Channel ID i = 0x83
　　00:58:29: Called Party Number i = 0x80, '38846302', Plan:Unknown, Type:Unknown
　　00:58:29: ISDN BR0: RX <- CALL_PROC pd = 8 callref = 0x8B
　　00:58:29: Channel ID i = 0x8A
　　00:58:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up
　　00:58:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up
　　00:58:29: ISDN BR0: RX <- CONNECT pd = 8 callref = 0x8B
　　00:58:29: Date/Time i = 0x020C0C0216
　　00:58:29: Connected Number i = 0x21833338383436333032
　　00:58:29: ISDN BR0: TX -> CONNECT_ACK pd = 8 callref = 0x0B
　　00:58:29: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:2, changed state to up
　　00:58:29: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface BRI0:1 is now connected to 38846302 R5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
　　!!!!!!!!!!!
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 PPP: Treating connection as a callout
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: O CHALLENGE id 4 len 23 from "R3"
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: I CHALLENGE id 4 len 23 from "R5"
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 4 len 23 from "R3"
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 4 len 4
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: I RESPONSE id 4 len 23 from "R5"
　　00:58:29: BR0:2 CHAP: O SUCCESS id 4 len 4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
　　00:58:30: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0:2, changed state to
　　第三层调试 2
　　show dialer 是第3层连接故障的另一个诊断方法。
　　show dialer map显示所有动态和静态的拨号映射命令。
　　R3#sh dialer
　　
　　BRI0 - dialer type = ISDN
　　
　　Dial String Successes Failures Last DNIS Last status
　　38846302 2 0 00:05:39 successful
　　0 incoming call(s) have been screened.
　　0 incoming call(s) rejected for callback.
　　
　　BRI0:1 - dialer type = ISDN
　　Idle timer (120 secs), Fast idle timer (20 secs)
　　Wait for carrier (30 secs), Re-enable (15 secs)
　　Dialer state is idle <

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