IT Will Be Everything
And what do you mean when you say people will “merge” with their technology?
We’ll be able to put intelligent machines——nanobots——into the bloodstream. By the late 2020s, these devices will have significant computing, communications and robotic abilities. Nanobotic white blood cells could download software for a particular pathogen and destroy it in a matter of seconds, compared with hours for our biological white blood cells. And you could have billions of nanobots go into the brain through the capillaries. [They] will enhance our cognitive functions and really expand human intelligence.
We will be able to go beyond the limits of biology and replace your current “human body Version 1.0” with a dramatically upgraded Version 2.0, providing radical extension of life. ?
What will Version 2.0 be able to do that we can’t do today?
One scenario would be virtual reality from within the nervous system. Nanobots could shut down the signals coming from your own senses and substitute the signals you would be receiving if you were in the virtual environment. You can move your virtual body in the virtual environment, and this will incorporate all five of the senses as well as neurological correlates of your emotions. You can go there with another person for any kind of encounter. And you can have archival experiences.
So will the importance of our biological intelligence diminish?
The nonbiological portion will grow [by a factor] of 1,000 per decade, and the biological portion will ultimately be very insignificant. People look at this and they are alarmed, because they think, I’m going to become a machine. But they are thinking of the machines they know today, which are very crude machines.
What’s the future of the IT professional?
The good news is IT is going to become more and more important. Ultimately, everything of importance will be comprised of IT. There’s a trend toward specialization, so what IT people can do is to try to get professionals in a number of highly specialized pursuits to be able to communicate with each other and have their computer systems communicate with one another.
Are their any downsides to all of this?
I’m very concerned about the downsides. We have existential risks already——the potential to wipe out all of humanity with nuclear weapons. But now we have new existential risks ——the ability to design biological viruses. The tools and knowledge to do this are far more widespread than the tools and knowledge to create an atomic bomb, and the impact could be far worse. In my book, I said the last thing we’d want to do is put the genome of dangerous viruses on the Web, but that’s exactly what the Department of Health and Human Services has just done with the 1918 flu virus.
What’s really, really far out?
In the 22nd century, we will have saturated the ability of matter and energy in and around the Earth to support computational processes, and intelligent computation will spread out to the rest of the universe. Whether this spread to the rest of the universe happens quickly (another century or so) or slowly (billions of years) depends on whether or not we can circumvent the speed of light as a limit on the communication of information. I believe it is likely that we can.(The End)
一切皆IT
你说人将与技术“合并”，这是什么意思？
我们将能把智能机器——纳米机器人——放进血流。到本世纪20年代后期，这些设备将拥有计算、通信和机器人的能力。纳米机器人白血球能针对特定的病原体下载软件，在几秒钟的时间里就能破坏病原体，而生物的白血球要花几个小时的时间。通过毛细血管，数以十亿计的纳米机器人进入大脑。它们将增强我们的认知功能，真正地扩展人类的智能。
我们将能超越生物的极限，目前的“人体1.0版”将被极大地增强了的2.0版所替代，大大地延长人的寿命。
2.0版能够做哪些现在我们还不能做的事？
一种情景就是来自神经系统内部的虚拟现实。如果你在一个虚拟的环境，纳米机器人能关闭来自你自己感觉的信号，替代你收到的信号。你能移动你在虚拟环境中的虚拟身子，这将包含所有的5种感觉以及你感情的神经相关性。你能与任何一种情况下遭遇到的人一起走。你还能保留这部分记忆。
生物智能的重要性是否会变弱吗？
非生物部分（智能）每十年将增长1000倍，而生物部分（智能）最终将变得无足轻重。人们见此情况会受惊吓，因为他们会想: 我在变成一台机器。但是他们想的机器是今天他们所知道的机器。那是非常原始的机器。
IT专业人士的未来又是什么样的？
好消息是IT正在变得越来越重要。最终，一切重要的东西都由IT组成。存在着向专门化发展的趋势，因此IT人士能做的事就是设法让专业人士进行大量高度专业化的跟踪，以便互相之间通信，也让他们的计算机相互通信。
所有这些是否有负面的东西？我非常关注负面问题。我们已经有现实的风险——核武器消灭全人类的潜在危险。但是现在我们有新的现实风险——设计生物病毒的能力。做这件事的工具和知识的扩散远远超过了制造原子弹的工具和知识，影响更坏。在我的书里，我说我们要做的最后一件事就是把危险病毒的基因放到万维网上，这正是（美国）卫生部在对1918年流感病毒所做的事。
这一切是不是非常非常的遥远？
22世纪，我们将在地球上和地球周围拥有足够多的支持计算过程的物质和能量，智能计算还将扩散到宇宙其他地方。这种扩散到宇宙的智能计算是会很快发生（过一个世纪左右）、还是很慢（几十亿年），取决于我们是否能跨越光速，这个信息通信的极限，我相信我们有可能做到。（全文结束）
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